Optimal Allocation and Deployment of Roadside Units in Cloud-Based Internet of Vehicles Framework

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Nay Myo Sandar
Surekha Lanka
Thinzar Aung Win
Shuvra Tripura

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The research focuses on internet of vehicles (IoV) where vehicles are equipped with cameras and sensors to monitor traffic jams, accidents, and locations to ensure safety and comfort for drivers. To process sensor data effectively, cloud computing is used because of vast storage and processing capabilities. However, transferring data from sensors to cloud can be challenging due to bandwidth and memory constraints. Therefore, a cloud-based internet of vehicles framework is proposed incorporating Roadside Units (RSUs). RSUs can buffer video streams from vehicles and send them to cloud services. With RSUs in the framework, total latency for transferring video streams to cloud services can be significantly enhanced. In this research, dynamic programming approaches are applied to determine how many RSUs are needed at the lowest cost and greedy algorithm is implemented to prove the optimal solution from dynamic programming. Furthermore, K-means clustering algorithm is applied to find the best locations for RSUs. According to numerical results, the proposed methods can determine the optimal number of 6 RSUs with the minimum cost and allocation of RSUs to serve video streams across regions.

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