Increasing Dissolved Oxygen in Water Using an Orifice Cavitation-induced Hydrodynamics Cavitation Reactor
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines dissolved oxygen enhancement in water using a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor equipped with an orifice plate. The orifice plate is used as a device to induce cavitation. The study uses surface water with an initial dissolved oxygen level of 1.5 ppm, which is insufficient to support aquatic life. The study compares six different types of orifice plates with varying designs to induce cavitation. The variables considered include the diameter of the holes on the orifice plates 2 millimeters and 4 millimeters, the number of holes 3, 4, and 5 holes, and the treatment duration ranging from 5 to 90 minutes; samples were taken every 5 minutes. The experimental results showed that the hydrodynamic cavitation phenomenon induced by all studied orifice plates could increase the dissolved oxygen level to more than 5 ppm, which is sufficient for aquatic life, within a treatment duration of 10 minutes. It was found that the orifice plate with a 4-millimeter hole diameter and 4 holes increased the dissolved oxygen level the fastest and to the highest level, raising it from 1.5 ppm to 9.5 ppm in 5 minutes and reaching a maximum of 11.5 ppm in 25 minutes. The dissolved oxygen level increased during the first 30 minutes of the experiment, then tended to decrease due to the rising water temperature. In conclusion, controlling water temperature and residence time is crucial for effective DO enhancement using an orifice plate hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. Temperature influences the solubility of oxygen in water, and prolonged residence times beyond an optimal point may lead to decreased DO due to temperature rise.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Article Accepting Policy
The editorial board of Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology is pleased to receive articles from lecturers and experts in the fields of engineering and technology written in Thai or English. The academic work submitted for publication must not be published in any other publication before and must not be under consideration of other journal submissions. Therefore, those interested in participating in the dissemination of work and knowledge can submit their article to the editorial board for further submission to the screening committee to consider publishing in the journal. The articles that can be published include solely research articles. Interested persons can prepare their articles by reviewing recommendations for article authors.
Copyright infringement is solely the responsibility of the author(s) of the article. Articles that have been published must be screened and reviewed for quality from qualified experts approved by the editorial board.
The text that appears within each article published in this research journal is a personal opinion of each author, nothing related to Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, and other faculty members in the institution in any way. Responsibilities and accuracy for the content of each article are owned by each author. If there is any mistake, each author will be responsible for his/her own article(s).
The editorial board reserves the right not to bring any content, views or comments of articles in the Journal of Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology to publish before receiving permission from the authorized author(s) in writing. The published work is the copyright of the Journal of Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology.
References
S. F. Jane, J. L. Mincer, M. P. Lau, A. S. L. Lewis, J. T. Stetler, and K. C. Rose, “Longer duration of seasonal stratification contributes to widespread increases in lake hypoxia and anoxia,” Global Change Biol., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 1009–1023, 2023, doi: 10.1111/gcb.16525.
P. R. Kannel, S. Lee, Y.-S. Lee, S. R. Kanel, and S. P. Khan, “Application of water quality indices and dissolved oxygen as indicators for river water classification and urban impact assessment,” Environ. Monit. Assess., vol. 132, no. 1, pp. 93–110, 2007, doi: 10.1007/s10661-006-9505-1.
N. Naveedullah et al., “Water quality characterization of the Siling reservoir (Zhejiang, China) using water quality index,” CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 553–562, 2016.
O. I. Abdul-Aziz and A. K. Gebreslase, “Emergent scaling of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in freshwater streams across contiguous USA,” Water Resour. Res., vol. 59, no. 2, 2023, Art. no. e2022WR032114, doi: 10.1029/2022WR032114.
A. A. M. Ahmed, S. J. J. Jui, M. A. I. Chowdhury, O. Ahmed, and A. Sutradha, “The development of dissolved oxygen forecast model using hybrid machine learning algorithm with hydro-meteorological variables,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 30, pp. 7851–7873, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22601-z.
Q. Zuo, Y. Tian, G. Ma, Z. Li, and Z. Sun, “Design of an integrated A/D converter for dissolved oxygen sensor interface in aquaculture,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Mech. and Robot. (ICMAR), Zhuhai, China, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1109/ICMAR55693.2022.9856385.
A. Rajwa-Kuligiewicz, R. J. Bialik, and P. M. Rowinski, “Dissolved oxygen and water temperature dynamics in lowland rivers over various timescales,” J. Hydrol. Hydromech., vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 353–364, 2015.
S. Heddam, “Intelligent data analytics approaches for predicting dissolved oxygen concentration in river: Extremely randomized tree versus random forest, MLPNN and MLR,” in Intelligent Data Analytics for Decision-Support Systems in Hazard Mitigation: Theory and Practice of Hazard Mitigation, R. C. Deo, P. Samui, O. Kisi, and Z. M. Yaseen, Eds., Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021, pp. 89–107.
X. Wang, F. Wang, and W. Wei, “Linear active disturbance rejection control of dissolved oxygen concentration based on benchmark simulation model number 1,” Math. Problems Eng., vol. 2015, 2015, Art. no. 178953, doi: 10.1155/2015/178953.
V. P. Sarvothaman, S. Nagarajan, and V. V. Ranade, “Treatment of solvent-contaminated water using vortex-based cavitation: Influence of operating pressure drop, temperature, aeration, and reactor scale,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 57, no. 28, pp. 9292–9304, 2018.
J. Loughrin, S. Antle, K. Sistani, and N. Lovanh, “In situ acoustic treatment of anaerobic digesters to improve biogas yields,” Environments, vol. 7, no. 2, Feb. 2020, Art no. 11, doi: 10.3390/environments7020011.
K. O. Badmus, N. Irakoze, O. R. Adeniyi, and L. Petrik, “Synergistic advance Fenton oxidation and hydrodynamic cavitation treatment of persistent organic dyes in textile wastewater,” J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 8, no. 2, Apr. 2020, Art. no. 103521, doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2019.103521.
P. Jain, V. M. Bhandari, K. Balapure, J. Jena, V. V. Ranade, and D. J. Killedar, “Hydrodynamic cavitation using vortex diode: An efficient approach for elimination of pathogenic bacteria from water,” J. Environ. Manag., vol. 242, pp. 210–219, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.057.
P. B. Patil, V. M. Bhandari, and V. V. Ranade, “Improving efficiency for removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from wastewaters using hydrodynamic cavitation,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 70, 2021, Art. no. 105306, doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105306.
M. Lebiocka, “Application of hydrodynamic cavitation to improve the biodegradability of municipal wastewater,” J. Ecol. Eng., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 155–160, 2020.
S. Zhang, L. Shen, and W. Gong, “Enhancing the degradation of Rhodamine B by hydrodynamic cavitation with CCl4 augmentation,” Adv. Mater. Res., vol. 864–867, pp. 1244–1252, 2013, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1244.
A. G. Chakinala, P. R. Gogate, A. E. Burgess, and D. H. Bremner, “Industrial wastewater treatment using hydrodynamic cavitation and heterogeneous advanced Fenton processing,” Chem. Eng. J., vol. 152, no. 2-3, pp. 498–502, Oct. 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2009.05.018.
P. R. Gogate and P. N. Patil, “Combined treatment technology based on synergism between hydrodynamic cavitation and advanced oxidation processes,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 25, pp. 60–69, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.08.016.
N. S. M. Yusof, B. Babgi, Y. Alghamdi, M. Aksu, J. Madhavan, and M. Ashokkumar, “Physical and chemical effects of acoustic cavitation in selected ultrasonic cleaning applications,” Ultrason. Sonochem., vol. 29, pp. 568–576, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.06.013.
M. S. Plesset, “The dynamics of cavitation bubbles,” J. Appl. Mech., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 277–282, 2021.
D. Jacobsen, “Low oxygen pressure as a driving factor for the altitudinal decline in taxon richness of stream macroinvertebrates,” Oecologia, vol. 154, no. 4, pp. 795–807, 2007.
U. Durlević, “The analysis of the quality of surface water of danube in the republic of Serbia for 2018,” Zbornik Radova - Geografski Fakultet Univerziteta U Beogradu, vol. 68, pp. 53–70, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.5937/zrgfub2068053d.
B. Balasundaram and S. T. L. Harrison, “Disruption of brewers’ yeast by hydrodynamic cavitation: Process variables and their influence on selective release,” Biotechnology Bioengineering, vol. 94, no. 2, pp. 303–311, 2006, doi: 10.1002/bit.20878.
