Influence of Ground Oyster Shell on Properties of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Paste
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Abstract
Geopolymer paste is one type of environmentally friendly binder material with outstanding mechanical properties and high durability. However, heat curing is necessary to accelerate the geopolymerization. This research aimed to study the influence of ground oyster shells on the properties of fly ash geopolymer paste at a normal ambient temperature. High-calcium fly ash and ground oyster shells were used as the main raw materials in the ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 by weight. The liquid-to-powder material ratio at 0.6 and the sodium silicate to 10 M sodium hydroxide ratio at 1.0 by weight were used. Geopolymer paste properties were tested, including flow value, setting time, compressive strength, and microstructure analysis. The experimental results found that the flow rate and setting time of the geopolymer paste decreased when the quantity of ground oyster shells increased. The 75:25 mixture of fly ash and ground oyster shells achieved the maximum compressive strength of 44.3 MPa at 28 days. Microstructural analysis revealed that calcium leached from the shell reacted with silicates and aluminates to form C-A-S-H alongside the main geopolymer gel, resulting in a denser microstructure and enhanced compressive strength. It was shown that geopolymer paste from fly ash mixed with ground oyster shells has high potential for producing environmentally friendly construction materials, with good compressive strength development under room temperature curing.
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