The Durian Peel Waste as High-Quality Feed on Goat Performance and Economic Worthiness
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The experiments aimed to investigate the potential of durian peel as roughage source on goat performance. There were two treatments such as fermented durian peel and fresh grass (Brachiaria decumbens). Twelve crossbreed Thai Native–Anglo-Nubian goats (50%) at 5 to 7 months of age and 20 ± 1.0 of body weight (BW) were assigned to a Student t-test. All of the goats were fed 2% BW of concentrate diet. Evaluated treatments were fermented discarded durian peel and grass as roughage source. The study shows that the concentrated feed in this experiment has a protein level of 16.97%, and the fermented durian peel has a protein level of 16.01%. The grass had a low protein level of 6.12%. The dry matter intake (DMI) of goat that ingested fermented durian peel (1920.40 g/h/d) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than goat ingested fresh grass (1355.60 g/h/d). The body weight change of goat that ingested fermented durian peel (8.92 kg) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than ingested fresh grass (5.33 kg). The growth rate of goat that ingested fermented durian peel (108.14 g/h/d) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than ingested fresh grass (61.80 g/h/d).
This study showed the profit in goat that ingested fermented durian peel was significantly (P<0.05) higher than ingested fresh grass and the group was able to reduce feed cost 45 %. Therefore, fermented discarded durian peel could be constitute roughage feed source for feeding goats without a negative impact.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
AOAC. 2016. Official Methods of Analysis. (20th ed). Washington, D.C.
Chen, X.Z., W.Y. Li, C.F. Gao, X.P. Zhang, B.Q. Weng & Y.M. Cai. 2017. Silage preparation and fermentation quality of kudzu, sugarcane top and their mixture treated with lactic acid bacteria, molasses and cellulase. Anim. Sci. J. 2017, 88, 1715–1721.
Cherdthong, A., M. Wanapat, W. Wongwungchun, S. Yeekeng, T. Niltho, W. Khota, & P. Gunun,. 2014. Effect of feeding feed blocks containing different levels of urea calcium sulphate mixture on feed intake, nutrients of digestibility and rumen fermentation in Thai native beef cattle fed on rice straw. Animal Feed Sciences Technology, 198, 151-157
Goering, H.K. & Van Soest, P.J. 1991. Forage fiber analyses, apparatus, reagent, procedures and some applications. USDA-ARS Agricultural Handbook 379. Washington, D. C. U.S. Government Printing Office
Hasan, S., A. Natsir, A. Ako, A. Purnama, & Y. Ishii. 2006 Online Journal of Biological Sciences 16(2) 102-106. (Journal)
Hennessy, D.W. 1980. Protein nutrition of ruminants in the tropical areas of Australia. Tropical. Grasslands, 14, 260-265.
Huang, X.D., J.B. Liang, H.Y. Tan, R. Yahya, & Y.W. Ho. 2011. Effects of Leucaena condensed tannins of differing molecular weights on in vitro CH4 production. Animal Feed Sciences Technology, 166, 373-376.
Khota, W., S. Pholsen, D. Higgs, & Y. Cai. 2017. Fermentation quality and in vitro methane production of sorghum silage prepared with cellulase and lactic acid bacteria. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 30, 1568–1574. (Journal)
Maksiri, W., S. Tudsri, J. hiengtham, & S. Prasanpanich. 2017. Supplementation of forage sorghum with meal concentrate and Leucaena leucacephala on goat performance with particular reference to meat essential fatty acid contents. Agricultural Technology and Biological Sciences, 14, 855-864.
Marsetyo, D., Y. Rusdi Rusiyantono, & S. Haji Syukur. 2017. The effect of supplementation of different legume leaves on feed intake, digestion, and growth of Kacang goats given mulato grass. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 7, 117-122.
Mohammadabadi, T. & A. Jolazadeh. 2017. Replacement of Alfafa hay (Medicago sativa L.) with subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf meal in diets of Najdi goats: effect on digestion activity of rumen microorganism. Tropical Animal Health Production, 49, 1309-1316.
Natsir, A. 2012. Fibre Utilization by Ruminants (Makassar: Masagena Press)
Nordin, N., R. Shamsudin, A. Azlan, & M. Effendy. 2017. Dry matter, moisture, ash and crude fibre content in distinct segments of ‘Durian Kampung’ husk. Int. J. Chem. Eng. 11, 788–792. (Journal)
NRC. 1981. Nutrient Requirements of Goats: Angora, Dairy and Meat Goat in Temperate and Tropical Countries. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
Panyawoot, N., S. So , A. Cherdthong & P. Chanjula. 2022. Effect of Feeding Discarded Durian Peel Ensiled with Lactobacillus casei TH14 and Additives in Total Mixed Rations on Digestibility, Ruminal Fermentation, Methane Mitigation, and Nitrogen Balance of Thai Native–Anglo-Nubian Goats. J. Fermentation. 1-14
Polsit, K., S. Chuelong, T. Siriuthane, S. Ittarat, U. Koatedoke, A. Cherdthong, & S. Khampa. 2011. Suplementation of cassava and durian hull fermented yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on rumen fermentation and average daily in crossbred native cattle. Pak.J.Nutr. 10 (12): 1121-1125.
Pralomkarn., W., S. Kochapakdee, S. Saithanoo, & B. W. Norton. 1995. Energy and protein utilisation for maintenance and growth of Thai Native and Anglo-Nubian x Thai native male weaner goats. Small. Rumin. Res. 16: 13-20
Santos, M.E.R., A.D. Santos, D.M., Fonseca, B.ML. Sousa, V.M. Gomes, & D.OC. Sousa. 2016. Cattle production supplemented on signal grass pastures during the rainy season. Acta Scientium. Animal Sciences, 38, 53-60. SAS. 1996. SAS User’s Guide Version 6.12. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA. 614 pp.
SAS. 1996. SAS User’s Guide Version 6.12. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA. 614 pp.
Semae, S. 2015. The effects of rain tree (Samanea saman) pod on body weight change, digestibility and rumen ecology of goat. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Kasetsart, Bangkok
So, S., M. Wanapat, A. Cherdthong,. 2021. Effect of sugarcane bagasse as industrial by-products treated with Lactobacillus casei TH14, cellulase and molasses on feed utilization, ruminal ecology and milk production of mid-lactating Holstein Friesian cows. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2021, 101, 481–4489.
Tudsri, S., S. Prasanpanich, S. Sawadipanich, P. Jaripakorn, and S. Iswilanons (2001). Effect of pasture production systems on milk production in the central plains of Thailand. Tropical Grassland, 35, 246-253.
Waramit, W., S. Phuangborisut, W. Wetchagool, N. Wetchagool, & V. Phattapanit. 2016. Effect of dietary substitution of durian seed starch for broken rice on productive performance in broiler. Prawarun Agric. J. 13, 145–152. (Journal)