Antimicrobial Activities and Metal Chelation Ability of New Water-Soluble Chitosan Derivatives Having N-carboxymethyl Groups
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Abstract
In this article, novel aminoamine grafted chitosans containing hyperbranched-N-carboxymethyl groups are synthesized, characterized and tested for their potential usage. The synthesis is achieved by, using a commercially available chitosan with known chemical conversions. Two successive steps, Michael addition of amino groups to methyl acrylates followed by amidation with ethylenediamine, are repeated to generate hyperbranched chitosans. Subsequent connection of N-carboxymethyl groups to the synthesized hyperbranched chitosans led to the modified chitosans containing hyperbranched-N-carboxymethyl groups. These novel modified chitosans are characterized by FTIR-UATR (Fourier transform infrared-universal attenuated total reflectance) and 13C CP/MAS (13C Cross polarization/magic angle spinning). The modified chitosans show significantly improved water solubility which is a highly desirable property for some applications, compared to the original chitosan. The antimicrobial activity test showed that the modified chitosans display higher efficiency for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 and Shewanella putrefaciens ATCC 8071 compared to the original chitosan. ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer) analyses are used to confirm that these modified chitosans have superior affinity to chelate heavy metals, compared to the unmodified starting chitosan. These modified chitosans are considered high potential utilities for human life and environmental concern.
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