Research on Modern science and Utilizing Technological Innovation Journal (RMUTI Journal)

Classification-based CNNs of Thai Native Chickens

Sujitra Thipsrirach, Yingyos Thipsrirach — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This paper presents the use of deep learning network-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to enhance the efficiency of classifying purebred Thai native chickens for conservation purposes. This study specifically focuses on Thai native chicken species known as Leung Hang Khao. Due to the significant genetic diversity of the Thai native chickens, it typically requires experts to accurately identify the breeds. There are four groups of the Thai native chickens that were considered in this work; namely, purebred Leung Hang Khao male, purebred Leung Hang Khao female, crossbred male, and crossbred female. A total of 1,000 images have been collected, in which 250 images are from each group. Then, the data is divided into three sets which are training set, validation set, and testing set, in the ratios of 60:20:20, 70:20:10, and 80:10:10, respectively. Four architectures of the CNNs have been employed for verification, i.e., LeNet-5, CNN1, CNN2, and CNN3, with epochs set at 10, 20, and 50 epochs for each architecture. The results show that the CNN1 architecture with an 80:10:10 ratio and 10 epochs yielded the highest accuracy in learning, validation, testing, and prediction. Moreover, it required relatively less testing time with predicted accurate results of 100 %. The obtained results demonstrate that using the deep learning network-based convolutional neural network with a simple architecture setting can effectively classify Thai native chicken breeds.

Design of a Multi-Band MIMO Microstrip Antenna for Wi-Fi 6E Wireless Communication

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study introduces the design of a multi-band microstrip antenna for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems that facilitate Wi-Fi 6E wireless communication. The design utilizes various resonator structures integrated with defective ground slots to improve radiation properties and inter-port isolation. The suggested antenna comprises four elements, each proficient in functioning inside the 2.45, 5.5, and 6.5 GHz frequency bands. The design aims to reduce below the standard threshold across all four ports. Simulation results from CST Studio Suite 2024 demonstrate that the antenna attains a reflection coefficient (S₁₁) below -10 dB and inter-port isolation below -30 dB throughout all
operational bands, indicating optimal impedance matching and efficient signal separation. The constructed prototype underwent testing using a vector network analyzer, and the obtained S-parameters closely aligned with the simulation outcomes. The 6.5 GHz band exhibited an isolation level below -34 dB and a minimum reflection coefficient of -39.87 dB, demonstrating that the proposed antenna design is suitable for high-frequency MIMO applications.

Study of Renewable Energy Utilization in Smart Buildings: An Analysis of Pathways to Net Zero Energy Building

Santi Karisan, Sittisak Rojchaya — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research examines the integration of renewable energy into the electrical system of the Industrial Technician School Building at the College of Industrial Technology and Management, aiming to achieve a Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB). The study analyzes energy consumption patterns, designs an optimal renewable energy system, and implements smart energy management based on real consumption data. The findings indicate that installing a 125 kWp Solar PV system and a 250 kWh battery storage can reduce reliance on the public grid by 65 %, with a payback period of eight years. The building’s average energy consumption is 47,264.27 W/day, with key influencing factors including power factor (average 0.58) and external temperatures above 30 ^oC. Smart energy management reduces total energy consumption by 24 %, primarily through power factor correction (12 % loss reduction) and automated lighting control (25 % energy savings), leading to a CO₂ reduction of 118.5 tons/year.
This study provides practical recommendations for educational institutions and industries to develop sustainable buildings by integrating renewable energy with smart management systems.

The Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Medium Using Electromagnetic Waves

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research presents the development of a dielectric measurement system for metamaterials, using four different configurations of dielectric media. The system has two main parts: (1) a measurement setup with two horn antennas that work at 2.1 GHz along with a vector network analyzer (VNA), and (2) a signal processing unit created in MATLAB to calculate electrical parameters. Test results confirm that the system can estimate the relative permittivity () in the range of 1.04 - 1.58 with an error margin not exceeding ±2 %, based on a comparison between measurements obtained from the proposed system and results from full-wave simulation using CST Microwave Studio. When comparing the performance of aluminum rod-based metamaterial structures, it was found that increasing the number of layers significantly expanded the transmission bandwidth to 1.65 - 2.50 GHz, corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of approximately 46 %. These are the results of the proposed approach in both the effective design of metamaterial structures and the development of a low-cost measurement system that serves as a practical alternative to expensive commercial dielectric measurement equipment.

Improving Microbiological Safety and Shelf-Life of Raw Seasoned Minced Pork Products Preserved by Thai-Medicinal Plants

Pattama Srinamngoen, Priyada Sittisart, Thitikorn Mahidsanan — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to apply three Thai herbs, including mulberry leaf (Morus alba), galangal (Alpinia galanga), and fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) to enhance microbiological safety and extend the shelf life of raw seasoned minced pork product. The samples were vacuum-packaged and stored at 4 ^oC for 6 days. The effectiveness of the herbs was compared with a control group without herbal addition (formula 1) and a group supplemented with garlic (Allium sativum) (formula 2), which is commonly used as raw meat preservation. The results demonstrated that Thai herbs affected the physical properties, texture, color parameters (L*, a*, b*), chemical properties (pH), and microbiological quality of the raw seasoned minced pork product. The supplemented with mulberry leaves (formula 3) and galangal (formula 4) resulted in a significant increase in firmness of raw seasoned minced pork product, while the supplemented with fingerroot (formula 5) resulted in a significant improvement in elasticity and tenderness. Moreover, supplemented with garlic (formula 2) was less effective in controlling pH, resulting in a significantly rapid decrease in pH after 6 days of storage compared to the samples supplemented with mulberry leaves, galangal, and fingerroot (formulas 3, 4, and 5, respectively). Similarly, in terms of color quality control, the supplemented with fingerroot (Formula 5) maintained stable lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values throughout the 6 days storage period, indicating its effectiveness in preserving the color characteristics of product. It was also able to effectively control the growth of total bacteria (<6 log CFU/g) including pathogens S. aureus and B. cereus (1.89 and 1.93 log CFU/g), and no contamination of Salmonella spp. was detected during the 6 days storage period. Therefore, the use of herbs to improve the physical, microbiological, and color qualities of seasoned minced pork, particularly the addition of fingerroot (formula 5), (Con.)

Reduction of Hydrogen Sulfide in Chicken Farm by Biological Systems

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to assess the efficiency of a biofiltration system in order to remove the hydrogen sulfide gas in a semi-enclosed poultry farm. The system was designed and installed to maintain key the environmental factors, which were temperature, humidity and air velocity within the optimal ranges according to the poultry farming standards. The results over a 90-day observation period showed that the system could achieve a hydrogen sulfide removal efficiency of as high as 94.63±0.32 %. Regarding the wastewater quality, the treatment system using a spray mechanism in combination with cross flow media resulted in a continuously decreasing in the wastewater quality parameters including TSS, BOD, COD, NO₃^- and SO₄^2-. Moreover, the dominant microbial populations in the system were identified, that were microorganisms in the system play a crucial role in converting hydrogen sulfide gas into sulfate, resulting in a significant reduction in malodors. These microbial activities contributed to a continuous decline in organic pollutants in the treatment system. The findings indicate that the treated wastewater can be safely reused within the system without causing adverse environmental impacts. This study highlights the potential of biofiltration system as an effective and sustainable solution for the odor and wastewater management in livestock farming.

Product Development of Ready-to-Eat Fermented Fish Dipping Sauce in a Retort Pouch

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The fermentation of fish includes whole fish, pieces, and strips, particularly Som-fug, which is commonly used in various traditional dishes. However, preparing fermented fish for consumption can be time-consuming. To align with modern consumer lifestyles, this study aims to develop a ready-to-eat fermented fish product called "Loun-Pla-Som-fug" in retort pouches. The study first explored basic simmering recipes, identifying the third recipe as the most preferred among sensory panelists. The product was then sterilized using a retort process at 116 ^oC for 25, 30, and 35 minutes. Results showed that longer sterilization times led to significantly darker color values, with increases in red (a*) and yellow (b*) components (p≤0.05). However, pH levels remained unaffected (p>0.05), and no microbial growth was detected across all time intervals during storage. Products sterilized at 116 ^oC for 25 minutes retained similar sensory characteristics as the pre-sterilized version and were deemed suitable for production. This ready-to-eat product adds value to traditional fermented fish and meets consumer demand for convenience.

Adsorption of Reactive Blue 19 Dye Using Charcoal Derived from Sterculia foetida Fruit Rind

Watinee Chanmee, Hatairat Sukpreabprom , Aree Jangruang — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Adsorption is a simple and effective method for treating wastewater contaminated with dyes from the textile industry. This study aimed to investigate the adsorption capacity of Reactive Blue 19 dye using charcoal prepared from Sterculia foetida fruit rind as the adsorbent. The physical properties of the prepared charcoal, the optimal conditions for adsorption, and the adsorption behavior based on isotherm and kinetic studies were examined under batch conditions. The results showed that the charcoal had a specific surface area of 12.74 m²/g and an average pore diameter of 2.111 nm, classifying it as mesoporous. Its morphology exhibited a rough surface with voids and pores, and the principal elemental components were carbon and oxygen. The optimal conditions for Reactive Blue 19 adsorption were an adsorbent dose of 0.30 g and an adsorption time of 180 min, while the pH of the dye solution did not significantly affect the adsorption. The adsorption isotherm data fitted the Langmuir isotherm better than the Freundlich isotherm, indicating monolayer, homogeneous adsorption, with a maximum adsorption capacity (q_m) of 3.7764 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting that the process was governed by chemisorption. These findings demonstrate the potential of charcoal derived from Sterculia foetida fruit rind as an adsorbent for removing Reactive Blue 19 from dyeing wastewater, thereby helping to reduce environmental pollution and promoting the valuable and sustainable utilization of locally available agricultural residues.

Application of No-Code Platforms for Monitoring and Evaluating Road Construction Projects

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Currently, many local administrative organizations still rely on paper-based methods for recording road construction activities. This approach often results in delays, data inaccuracies, and inefficient data storage, which hinder effective project management. Therefore, this research aims to 1) examine the application of a no-code platform for monitoring and evaluating road construction plans through daily construction reporting and 2) compare its effectiveness with traditional paper-based reporting methods. The study employs the AppSheet no-code platform for daily reporting due to its capability to develop applications rapidly without requiring programming skills. The application is designed to record essential project data, including project details, work schedules, personnel, and construction activities. The platform was tested in a road construction project with a sample of 50 site supervisors from local administrative organizations in Trang Province. Data was collected through satisfaction surveys and analyzed using statistical methods, including mean and standard deviation. The results indicate that the no-code platform enhanced the efficiency of daily report preparation (= 4.06, S.D. =0.95), improved data accuracy and completeness ( = 3.97, S.D. =0.91), and facilitated more efficient and secure data retrieval and storage ( = 4.15, S.D. = 0.85). Overall, user satisfaction with the system was higher compared to the paper-based method ( = 4.07, S.D. = 0.80). These findings suggest that the AppSheet-based no-code platform enhances data accuracy, accelerates report preparation, and improves project management efficiency in road construction within local administrative organizations.