PKRU SciTech Journal

The Rate of Pelletized Organic Fertilizer Application from Local Natural Materials on the Growth and Yield of Local Baby Corn in Surin Province

2025-07-07T15:25:52+07:00

The effect of pelletized organic fertilizer from local natural materials to increase the yield of agricultural baby corn in Surin Province was studied using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and three experimental formulas. It consisted of applying pelletized organic fertilizer at rates of 10, 20, and 30 kilograms per plot. The experimental plots were prepared with a size of 1.5 × 2 square meters. The baby corn was planted, and the pelletized organic fertilizer was applied at the specified rate at a distance of 10–15 centimeters from the base of the plant. Growth data were collected every 15 days until harvesting the produce at 90 days after planting. The experimental results showed that using organic fertilizer at a rate of 30 kilograms per plot resulted in a statistically significant difference in the height of the young corn plants and the width of the canopy at 45 days. In addition, this rate also resulted in the highest pod length and fresh pod weight at harvest compared to other rates. When considering soil properties, including soil pH, nitrogen, and potassium content after planting, these were found to be higher. Therefore, the above rate is suitable for baby corn grown in Surin Province.

Anomaly Credit Card System Detection in EDC Network Using Random Forest Algorithm

2025-09-15T10:31:56+07:00

The credit card business in Thailand continues to show steady growth, with spending projected to increase by an average of 8–9 percent annually during 2024–2025. However, the transaction network still faces frequent disruptions, which directly affect users in terms of convenience, trust, and operational efficiency. Existing monitoring tools cannot provide timely responses, resulting in recurring system malfunctions. This study aims to develop an appropriate machine learning model for classifying abnormal events in the credit card Electronic Data Capture (EDC) network. To achieve this, historical event records were combined with log files from EDC devices, totaling 5,011 hours of operational data. The algorithms considered included Decision Tree, Random Forest, and K-Nearest Neighbors. The performance evaluation revealed that the Random Forest algorithm achieved the best results, with accuracy, precision, recall, and overall efficiency of 99.96%, 99.90%, 99.90%, and 99.90%, respectively. The results indicate that the Random Forest algorithm is the most suitable method for developing a prototype tool to detect anomalies in credit card systems within the EDC network, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of financial transactions.

Risk Surveillance for Backup Power Systems Using Rule-Based Fuzzy Inference and Dependency Graphs

2025-10-06T11:14:59+07:00

Continuous power supply is critical for factories in Thailand’s Andaman region because even short interruptions can stop production and affect business continuity. Conventional UPS monitoring with fixed thresholds often creates too many alarms or alerts too late during critical events. This paper presents a fuzzy–graph framework with two main parts: (1) a linear overlap fuzzy inference system (LO-FIS) that uses threshold mapping instead of defuzzification to produce binary outputs (0 = normal, 1 = critical), and (2) a dependency graph that shows how risk can propagate from the UPS to other devices. The framework is implemented on a raspberry Pi and connected to a Syndome HE-RT-1-3K UPS. We inject controlled faults at different levels and record data continuously for 72 hours, covering a wide range of loads (4,321 samples). The results show that our method achieves precision 99.32%, recall 97.14%, and F1-score 98.07%, with only one false alarm, and provides an average lead time of about 30 seconds before actual outages. These outcomes indicate improved reliability and resilience for industrial backup power systems.

The Potential of Monascus Pigments in Enhancing Skin Coloration in Oranda Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

2025-10-10T16:04:45+07:00

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Monascus-derived pigments on skin coloration in oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus) and to determine the optimal dietary concentration for pigmentation enhancement. Goldfish were fed diets supplemented with Monascus pigment extract at 0, 5, 10, and 15 g/kg feed for 45 days, and both growth performance and the intensity of skin color changes were evaluated. Results indicated that supplementation with Monascus pigment did not significantly affect weight gain, length gain, survival rate, or feed utilization efficiency compared to the control group. However, pigmentation analysis revealed that lightness and yellowness values were significantly improved in pigment-supplemented groups, particularly at
5 g/kg feed, while redness increased during the initial phase but declined later. These findings suggest that Monascus pigment extract can be utilized as a natural colorant to enhance skin brightness and pigmentation quality in oranda goldfish. The most suitable supplementation level was 5 g/kg feed, which provided stable coloration effects compared to the higher concentrations.

The Health Properties of Dried Mangrove Leaves for Tea Preparation in the Area of Ban Na Thap, Tha Sala District, Nakhon Si Thammarat

2025-10-20T14:35:45+07:00

This research aimed to investigate the effects of extraction temperature on the bioactive, health-promoting properties of dried mangrove leaf extracts. The study examined total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes from extracts prepared using different water extraction temperatures: room temperature, hot water (70–80°C), and boiling water. The results showed that hot water and boiling water extractions yielded the highest total phenolic content (0.16 mg GAE/g of extract) and exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity than room-temperature extraction (P < 0.05), with IC₅₀ values of 52.88 ± 1.25 and 52.83 ± 1.06 µg/ml, respectively. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the hot and boiling water extracts (IC₅₀ = 341.05 ± 2.22 and 340.40 ± 0.47 µg/ml) was lower than that of the standard acarbose (IC₅₀ = 5.94 ± 0.01 µg/ml) by approximately 57 times. However, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the hot and boiling water extracts showed no significant difference compared to acarbose. In conclusion, extraction of R. mucronata Poir. leaf tea using hot or boiling water is the most suitable method for producing functional, health-promoting tea products.

Diversity and Distribution of Duckweed in Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus

2025-10-21T14:23:00+07:00

Aquatic duckweed plants are commonly found in natural freshwater habitats with clear and still water, particularly in warm climates with high sunlight exposure. They grow in clusters, floating on the water surface, and may coexist with other aquatic plants. Duckweeds are characterized by rapid growth and wide dispersal, and their development is influenced by several environmental factors, including nutrient availability, pH, and temperature. Ecologically, duckweeds provide multiple benefits, such as wastewater treatment, animal feed, and potential sources of biofuel. Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus is surrounded by canals and also contains water bodies within the university area. A previous observation found many duckweeds spreading on the water. Therefore, this study aims to record duckweed species and their distribution in Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus. The study focused on the distribution of three genera of duckweeds, namely Spirodela, Lemna, and Wolffia, to establish
a baseline database on their distribution. Field sampling was conducted at five sites during the peak growth period of duckweeds. For each sample, morphological characteristics, species identification, sampling location, and photographic records were documented, followed by an analysis of distribution patterns. The results indicated that Lemna and Wolffia were present at all sampling sites, whereas Spirodela was detected only at certain locations. This variation may be attributed to environmental conditions, habitat diversity, and waterbody size, which influence the occurrence of particular genera. These findings can support further applications of duckweeds in ecological and economic contexts, as well as their potential use as bioindicators.

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Extract from Defatted Zantoxylum limonella (Dennst.) Alston Fruit Residues

2025-10-20T14:53:22+07:00

The present research aims to examine the inhibitory activities against alpha-glucosidase of defatted dried fruit extracts of Zanthoxylum limonella (Dennst.) Alston, which are the residue from the production of Zanthoxylum limonella (Dennst.) Alston oil. The extracts prepared by two different extraction methods were screened for alpha-glucosidase (sucrase and maltase) inhibition. Apparently, the extract preparation by method 1 is an effective extraction method 1. The aqueous extract (ZL-W) showed the most potent inhibitory activity against rat intestinal sucrase with IC₅₀ values of 60.8 ± 0.04mg/mL. Also, it showed greater inhibition compared to acarbose, the diabetic drug used as a positive control with IC₅₀ values of 77.1 ± 0.02 mg/mL. which are significantly different (P<0.05). Additionally, ZL-W showed significant inhibitory activity against maltase with IC₅₀ values of 38.10 ± 1.21 mg/mL, greater than methanol extract (ZL-M) and hexane extract (ZL-H) with IC₅₀values of 104.70 ± 0.20 mg/mL and 106.70 ± 0.15 mg/mL, respectively. And all extracts were less effective inhibited against maltase than Acabose which IC₅₀ value is 7.10 ± 0.01 mg/mL. The overall results suggested that ZL-W is a potent extract that could be developed to be a medical food or supplement for glucose blood level control in the future.