Kasetsart Engineering Journal

A Comprehensive Review of CO2 Capture: Focusing on Solid Adsorbents for CO2 Separation

Thongthai Witoon — 2026-09-04

This review presents an extensive examination of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies as potential solutions to global climate change through the reduction of CO₂ emissions. A particular focus is placed on CO₂ capture, especially via adsorption techniques, which are crucial for the overall efficacy and viability of the CCS process. We scrutinize three dominant CO₂ capture technologies—pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion, discussing their unique attributes, merits, and challenges. Pre-combustion capture typically results in a high-pressure, high-concentration CO₂ stream. Conversely, post-combustion capture deals with flue gas post-combustion, leading to a low-pressure, low-concentration CO₂ stream. Oxy-fuel combustion, wherein fuel undergoes combustion in pure oxygen, results in flue gas with a high CO₂ concentration, simplifying the separation process. This review further investigates diverse adsorbents including zeolites, activated carbon, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and amine-functionalized materials. Zeolites and MOFs excel under high-pressure conditions, aligning well with pre-combustion capture, while amine-functionalized materials, with their chemical affinity towards CO₂, are more appropriate for conditions of lower CO₂ concentrations found in post-combustion capture. Each category demonstrates potential for CO₂ adsorption in laboratory studies. Finally, the review suggests avenues for future research and development, such as enhancing the stability and reducing the cost of amine-functionalized materials, improving the selectivity and capacity of MOFs, and fabricating new zeolite and activated carbon materials with superior performance. By understanding CO₂ capture technologies and enhancing the materials used in these processes, we can continue to innovate and progress in our collective response to climate change.

Determination of Mix Proportion of Hardened Concrete with Different Cement Types

ธิดาพร เชื้อสวัสดิ์ — 2026-09-04

Since many methods have been developed for determining the mix proportions of hardened concrete, there hasn't been a method to determine the hardened concrete proportions for different types of cement. This article aims to study and present the results of an analysis to estimate the hardened concrete proportions with different types of cement using previously proposed methods. Three types of cement; Portland Cement Type I, Type III and, Type V, and three sources of Portland Cement Type I were used to prepare concrete samples. The analytical results of the mix proportions of hardened concrete indicated that the samples of concrete with different cement types, as AC1W50, AC3W50, AC5W50, had maximum errors of 7.1%, 6.8%, 6.5%, and 5.1%, for water, cement, sand and rock contents respectively. Similarly, the analytical results of the mix proportions of hardened concrete with different sources, as AC1W50, BC1W50, DC1W50, had maximum errors of 7.1%, 6.8%, 6.7% and 5.1% for water, cement, sand and rock contents respectively. Additionally, the analytical results show that the samples of concrete with different cement types and the samples of concrete with different cement sources can be applied to determine the mix proportion of hardened cement concrete with a satisfactory accuracy

Logistics Management of Agricultural Machinery for Solving Labor Shortage Problem

รนิษฐา หงส์โรจนภาคย์ — 2026-09-04

Currently, there is a labor shortage issue in rice cultivation, and the investment cost for purchasing agricultural machinery with low annual usage exacerbates the problem. This leads farmers to rely on hiring labor for rice production activities, resulting in relatively high rice cultivation costs and difficulty in maintaining product quality. The objective of this research is to develop logistic management tools to optimize the utilization of existing agricultural machinery innovations in rice production (mechanization), aiming for greater efficiency. The study found that it could reduce labor and working days by 83.33% and 84.67% respectively. Comparing the production costs of organic rice for sample farmers in Surin Province, there was an increase in production yield by 35.64% and increased returns from the sale of paddy by 74.10%. Although the use of mechanization may increase costs, it also leads to higher yields and returns, as well as reduced labor and working days in rice farming activities.

Effects of Sodium Precursors on the Catalytic Performance of Fe-Co/Na-Al2O3 Catalysts in CO2 Hydrogenation to Light Olefins

Thanapha Numpilai — 2026-09-04

This study explores the effects of different sodium precursors (NaNO₃, NaHCO₃, NaCl, Na₂CO₃, Na₂SO₄) on the performance of Fe-Co/Na-Al₂O₃ catalysts in CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins. Catalysts were synthesized and subsequently subjected to detailed analysis to investigate their physical and chemical attributes using nitrogen gas adsorption (N₂-sorption), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Performance evaluation revealed varied catalytic performance among the catalysts. While CO₂ conversion increased uniformly with escalating reaction temperatures, the Fe-Co/Na₂SO₄ catalyst demonstrated subpar efficiency in CO₂ conversion and hydrocarbon selectivity, likely due to the inhibitory influence of sulfur atoms. In contrast, the FeCo-NaCl catalyst showcased superior performance, while the FeCo-Na₂CO₃ catalyst registered the highest olefins-to-paraffins (O/P) ratio due to the enhanced electron density within the Fe-O-Na structure promoting CO dissociation. However, the Fe-O-Na structure's hydrogenation-inhibiting properties resulted in reduced CO conversion and overall CO₂ conversion. This research provides valuable insights into the role of sodium precursors in catalyst formulation and their implications for CO₂ hydrogenation processes.

The flowability of cement mortar partially replaced by microsilica and graphite

ธนกรณ์ พันธุ์สวัสดิ์ — 2026-09-04

This study aims to investigate the effects of partially replacing Portland cement with microsilica (MS) and graphite powder (GP) on the flowability of cement mortar in the fresh state. The water-to-binder ratio (w/b) was fixed at 0.30, and the binder-to-sand ratio (b/s) was maintained at 0.5. A total of 16 mix proportions were designed, consisting of a control mixture (plain cement) and hybrid mixtures in which cement was replaced at levels of 5%, 10%, and 15% by the weight of cement. The flowability test was conducted in accordance with ASTM C230/C230M and the results were expressed as the percentage of slump flow (%SF). The experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of 5% GP alone yielded a higher slump flow than the control mixture, enhancing the flowability by approximately 10% compared with conventional mortar. In contrast, mixtures containing MS alone exhibited a significant reduction in slump flow with the decrease being directly proportional to the replacement level. This behavior is attributed to the high specific surface area of MS which increases water demand and reduces the amount of free water available within the system. However, when the GP content was increased to 10–15%, a significant decrease in the percentage of slump flow was also observed. This reduction can be explained by increased water adsorption on particle surfaces and the rise in cement paste viscosity due to the presence of high micron-scale fineness. The findings highlight the particle-level mechanisms governing the rheological behavior of cement mortar incorporating fine powder materials and provide essential fundamental data for designing concrete mixtures requiring controlled fresh-state flow performance.

Design and Development of an Inter-Organizational Carpooling System (iCPS) in Industrial Areas

พรนภัส เกตุปลั่ง — 2026-09-04

There are many companies in the industrial estate area, and most employees prefer to travel by car. The result is traffic congestion and pollution of the environment. One of the possible solutions is to use a carpooling system which employees can share vehicles with others using the similar routes to reach their destinations.

This paper presents the design and development of an inter-organizational carpooling system (iCPS) for employees in the industrial areas. The system consists of two components: 1) a mobile application for creating routes and requesting shared rides, and 2) a web application for managing users and displaying reports such as compensation for employees who own vehicles and expenses between organizations. The system has been evaluated for functional test and usability test based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The system was evaluated by testing both technical and usability based on the principles of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The mobile application was accepted with an average score of 4.64/5, which is considered very good, while the web application was accepted with an average score of 4.70/5, which is also considered very good. The results showed that the target group of employees were confident that the system could be used to support travel sharing.