Journal of Materials Science and Applied Energy

Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Biogas Packaging Materials

Kasibe Isima — 2025-01-01

Initiatives of providing biogas onsite are futile without provision for offsite use. This study aims to compare the mechanical strength of materials for packaging biogas. To address the research problem, four materials were considered for the study, including: low-carbon steel, Aluminium, High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and fiberglass polyester composite. An experiment was carried out on each of the materials to find out the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. Results indicate that, whereas steel ranks highest in many strength parameters, including; tensile strength, yield strength, factor of safety, and stress carrying capacity; fiberglass polyester composite closely follows in all measures, and has the highest value of specific strength of all the study materials; with over 58% more weight saving as compared to steel. This property explains the strength-to-weight ratio of a material; which is a key consideration for designing light and strong pressurized gas containers.

Optimum Fiber Content to Improve Compressive Strength of Glass Fibers Reinforced Cellular Lightweight Concrete for Hollow-core Precast Panel Walls

Phakin Loyjaroen — 2025-01-01

This study aimed to identify the optimal amount of glass fibers to enhance the compressive strength of Glass Fiber reinforced Cellular Lightweight Concrete (GF-CLC). The compressive strength of cellular lightweight concrete with densities of 1.20 × 10²kg m^–3 and 1.60 × 10²kg m^–3, containing different percentages (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% by weight of cement) of glass fibers, was evaluated using BS EN 12390 Part 1 – 4 tests and compared with non-fiber specimens. The results indicate that 1% glass fiber reinforcement has an insignificant effect on compressive strength, while proportions of 2 – 4% by weight of cement lead to a significant increase in compressive strength at all stages of curing age. The optimum fiber content was found to be 4% by weight of cement, resulting in compressive strength improvements of 2 times and 1.60 times compared to non-fiber reinforced specimens at 1.20 × 10²kg m^–3 and 1.60 × 10²kg m^–3, respectively. However, adding more than 4% glass fiber by weight of cement leads to a decrease in compressive strength and a constant tendency at higher densities. Compressive strength tends to increase with increased density, curing time, and fiber content because more dense concrete provides higher bonding and pull-out strength between CLC and glass fiber, thereby enhancing the fiber’s performance in resisting tensile and shear forces in the cellular lightweight concrete particles, resulting in higher ultimate compressive strength.

Effects of defect density on the FIR radiation spectra of anatase TiO2 powder

seunghee lee — 2025-01-01

Anatase TiO₂ powder shows an excellent emissivity of 0.916 over the wavelength range of 7–20 µm at 250°C; however, it shows a relatively low emissivity of 0.767 over the range of 3–7 µm. We investigated the effect of structural defects on the radiation properties of anatase TiO₂powder by introducing point and line defects into the system. The emissivity over the range of 3–7 µm increased from 0.767 to 0.902 upon the introduction of appropriate quantities of oxygen vacancies. This result suggested that the radiation properties are related in part to electronic transitions and could be significantly improved by optimizing the crystallinity of the host material. The results from X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopy were used to explain the observations, along with predictions by a discrete variational X-α (DV-Xa)molecular orbital simulation.