Industrial Soda-Lime-Silica Sheet Glass Hardened by Zirconia-Reinforced Inorganic Coating
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the hardness of an industrial soda-lime-silica sheet glass (SLS) by coating the glass with zirconia-reinforced inorganic glasses (ZIG). The ZIG glasses composing 55 wt% cullet, 40 wt% borax, 5 wt% Li2CO3 and 0.5-5.5 wt% ZrO2 were melted in an electric furnace at 900 and 1000 oC and quenched in water to obtain a frit form. The SLS sheets were coated with the fine ZIG powders at various thicknesses. The coated glass sheets (CGS) were thermally treated at 600 oC and normally cooled over night in the furnace. X-ray diffraction, coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), vickers microhardness, density, refraction (nD) and UV-Vis-IR transmission of ZIG, CGS and SLS were investigated. The results revealed that all ZIG glasses were completely melted at 1000 oC with no bubbles and crystalline phases. An increase in ZrO2 contents led to increases of the degree of polymerization, bulk density, nD and glass transition temperature (Tg) and a decrease of CTE. The Zr4+ ions entered Si4+ positions in the glass structure resulting in the increase of hardness. The 5.5ZIG containing 55 wt% cullet, 40 wt% borax, 5 wt% Li2CO3 incorporation with 5.5 wt% ZrO2 addition showed the highest vickers hardness. In addition, the vickers hardnesss increased with the increase of coating layer thickness. In this work the SLS coated with 5.5ZIG at 121-478 μm showed the highest hardness at 906 and 889 HV0.2 for the glasses melted at 900 and 1000 oC, respectively (683 HV0.2 for uncoated SLS). The density and nD increased insignificantly but the transmission decreased comparing to uncoated SLS.
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