Journal of Energy and Environment Technology of Graduate School Siam Technology College

EFFECTS OF OUTLET AIR VELOCITY AND COOLING WATER TEMPERATURE OF AIR COOLER WITH CLOSED-LOOP OSCILLATING HEAT PIPES

Piyanun Charoensawan — 2024-12-13

The air cooler original size 355 × 300 × 700 mm. The closed-loop Oscillating heat pipe (CLOHP) built from copper capillary pipes instead of cooling pad and contains R134a as working fluid. The effects of various parameters i.e., The Air flow rate, The water temperature and the number of heat pipes, The tests fan speed between 3.5 m/s to 4.2 m/s at cold water temperatures in the range of 6°C to 21°C. The CLOHP consists of 2 and 4 sets of heat pipes. The heat transfer rate decreased when increase air velocity for 2 and 4 sets of pipes. Increasing the cold-water temperature of both 2 and 4 heat pipe sets to have lower heat transfer rates and effectiveness decreased. Adding 4 heat pipes is better than using 2 heat pipes, and at the out-air humidity ratio, when using heat pipes, the value is reduced by 6.6% In air humidity ratio.

ANALYSIS OF AREAS THAT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE DEVELOPED INTO GREEN AREAS OF THE EASTERN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR

booncherd nuim — 2024-12-13

This study aims to analyze land use changes in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) between 2013, 2016, 2018, and 2021 to identify potential areas for green space development, thereby supporting efforts to mitigate air, social, and environmental pollution in the EEC region. This study shows that between 2013 and 2021, agricultural land use was the highest compared to other land uses. However, over the 8-year period, there has been a continuous decline in agricultural land due to economic growth, urbanization, and the promotion of the Eastern Economic Corridor. Conversely, urban and built-up areas have shown a continuous increase. To analyze areas with potential for green space development, a hierarchical analysis process (AHP) was used to prioritize criteria and assign weights to primary and secondary criteria in calculating a consistency index. Key findings of this research, Community and built-up areas have shown a continuous upward trend. The main criteria with the highest average importance weight were land use and built-up areas. The three most important sub-criteria within this category were: HUM1-Land use data for abandoned areas with unspecified use (33.3%), The next most important main criteria were the environment, with the most important sub-criteria were ENV1-Water resources (32.5%). The most important social criteria were SOC1-Culture and landmark (5.7%). These areas can be classified into five types with a total area of 379,430 rai. The total greenhouse gas sequestration capacity of these areas is estimated to be 5.6 million tCO₂-eq/year. The areas can support spatial development as community forests under the assumption of greenhouse gas sequestration of 15 tons of carbon dioxide per rai.

A DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MEDIA INNOVATIONS BASED ON EDUTAINMENT TO PROMOTE KNOWLEDGE, SUBJECT: CARING FOR BEDRIDDEN PATIENTS

Nuchsharat Nuchprayoon — 2024-12-13

The objectives of this research are 1) to develop digital media innovations based on entertainment education principles to promote knowledge on caring for bedridden patients 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of digital media innovations based on entertainment education principles to promote knowledge on caring for bedridden patients. 3) to study the acceptance of digital media innovations according to the principles of entertainment education to promote knowledge regarding the care of bedridden patients developed. The sample group consisted of 40 people who take care of the elderly or dependent people in businesses that provide care for the elderly or dependent people that are licensed by the Ministry of Public Health in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. Purposive sampling was used. Sampling tool used in the research is a questionnaire with a 5-level rating scale, including the performance evaluation form. and innovation acceptance assessment form Statistics used in data analysis are mean, standard deviation. The results of the research found that digital media innovations follow entertainment education principles to promote knowledge on caring for bedridden patients. that has been developed can help promote knowledge well the results of the efficiency evaluation from 5experts were overall at a good level (𝑥̅ = 4.36, S.D. = 0.55) and the results of user acceptance of innovation towards digital media innovation. The overall picture is at the highest level (𝑥̅ = 4.53, S.D. = 0.56).

THE COMPARISON OF MODEL OF COST ANALYSIS IN THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS. A CASE STUDY: PATTARAPOL TRANSPORT COMPANY LIMITED

Pholakrit klunkaewdamrong — 2024-12-13

This research aims to (1) examine the cost data associated with investing in the purchase of 10-wheel trucks and trailers compared to outsourcing transport services from external contractors, (2) assess the feasibility of investing in 10-wheel trucks and trailers to replace the use of external transport contractors or partner vehicles, and (3) provide fundamental information on the factors involved in cost calculations for decision-making regarding truck purchases. The case study company, which has been operating in the logistics sector for over 10 years, seeks diverse investment strategies to ensure operational efficiency and continuity, given its 3-year contractual agreements that may affect efficiency and confidence in future bidding opportunities. The study designs six decision-making scenarios, as follows 1) Investing in the purchase of seven new 10-wheel trucks 2) Investing in the purchase of seven used trucks 3) Outsourcing transportation services for seven trucks 4) Combining the purchase of four new trucks with outsourcing three external trucks 5) Combining the purchase of four used trucks with outsourcing three external trucks 6) Using the company’s existing trucks while outsourcing transportation only when internal fleet capacity is insufficient. The analysis encompasses fixed costs, variable costs, depreciation, maintenance expenses, and long-term investment returns. The results reveal that the most suitable approach is to invest in the purchase of four used 10-wheel trucks in approximately 80% condition, supplemented by the company’s existing three trucks. This approach effectively reduces operational costs and enhances resource management efficiency, enabling the company to shift from an average monthly loss of 67,976 THB to an average monthly profit of 184,024 THB. This represents an annual return on investment of 15.3%. Additionally, this strategy increases flexibility in resource management and provides a competitive advantage in the long-term business landscape.

AN ASSESSMENT AND FORECASTING OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) EMISSIONS FROM THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR USING REGRESSION ANALYSIS AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK METHODS

Krisada Khruachalee — 2024-12-13

Economic growth and population density have led to a continuous increase in energy consumption, resulting in carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions becoming a critical issue that all countries need to manage effectively and appropriately. CO₂ is a major contributor to climate change, air pollution, and adverse effects on human livelihoods, particularly in the transportation sector, which shows a significant upward trend. Thus, understanding the future trends and patterns of CO₂ emissions can assist policymakers in developing measures and initiatives that are responsive to these changes. This research aims to forecast CO₂ emissions from the transportation sector using regression analysis and neural network models. The study employs data on energy consumption, the number of registered vehicles, population size, gross domestic product (GDP), and regional economic confidence indices from 2007 to 2023. The results show that the neural network model provides more accurate and efficient CO₂ emission forecasts than the regression model, as indicated by the root mean square error. Additionally, a five-year forward forecast, assuming that energy consumption, the number of registered vehicles, and GDP increase at a rate of 1% per month, predicts a continuous rise in CO₂ emissions. When comparing the forecast results of the two models at any given time point, it is observed that the regression model consistently yields higher predicted values than the neural network model, with an average difference of 6,787,756 tons. As the forecast horizon extends, the disparity between the predictions from the two models becomes progressively larger. With the forecasting capabilities of the neural network model, policymakers and regulatory agencies can formulate more effective and sustainable environmental management policies. It can be utilized to continuously monitor CO₂ emission trends and evaluate the effectiveness of CO₂ emission reduction strategies.

DEVELOPMENT OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE PRETREATMENT PROCESSES USING COMBINATION OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS FOR CELLULOSE EXTRACTION

Adulsman Sukkaew — 2024-12-13

This research aimed to extract cellulose from bagasse pretreatment processes using physical and chemical methods by studying the effects of temperature, time, and lignocellulose content used in the process of converting bagasse into cellulose. The study of the processing was used distillation water, 0.1%V/V hydrochloric acid and 0.1%W/V sodium hydroxide as catalytic pretreatment at ambient temperature and 120°C found that processing study at high temperature and long time increased the amount of cellulose, especially the processing with 0.1%W/V sodium hydroxide at 120°C for 15 minutes, which could increase the highest cellulose content 83.77% and reduce the amount of lignin and hemicellulose effectively. The results of the processing indicated the ability to remove hemicellulose and lignin, resulting in the structure of bagasse clearly changing and being able to extract purer cellulose. When the selected samples of unprocessed and processed bagasse were examined, the structure of the selected processed bagasse was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the structure of bagasse before the structure of unprocessed bagasse was not broken and was in multiple layers. When processed with sodium hydroxide, it was found that the structure was clearly torn and broken. There was an increase in the gap between the fiber layers, which showed that the removal of hemicellulose and lignin was effective, resulting in the cellulose obtained being suitable and pure, which could be further used.

COMPARATIVE OF YIELD AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF PEELS AND SEEDS OF VELVET TAMARIND EXTRACTS (Dialium cochinchinense Pierre) FROM DIFFERENT EXTRACTION METHODS

อดุลย์สมาน สุขแก้ว — 2024-12-13

The objectives of this research were to compare the yield and total phenolic content of extracts from Velvet tamarind of peels and seeds by using different extraction methods. The velvet tamarind peels and seeds were analyzed for yield and extracted using three different methods as 1) maceration extraction, 2) shaking extraction, and 3) microwave-assisted extraction. The results showed that the peels and seeds of velvet tamarind yielded 92.07±3.65% and 95.38±1.65%, respectively. When examining the extracts from peels and seeds using the three extraction methods, the result was found that method 3, microwave-assisted extraction, provided the highest yield for both peels and seeds of velvet tamarind. The yield from the peels was 20.07±3.65%, and seeds was 16.56±1.65%. Additionally, method 3 also yielded the highest total phenolic content in both the peels and seeds, with the peels containing 142.40±2.32 mg GAE/g dry weight and the seeds containing 159.72±5.32 mg GAE/g dry weight. These findings demonstrate the efficiency of microwave-assisted extraction in extracting total phenolic compounds from velvet tamarind of peels and seeds, which can be utilized as active ingredients in cosmetic products and other products with high antioxidant properties.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICITY SAVING MANAGEMENT MODEL OF THAILAND UNIVERSITY IN THE FUTURE

Charin Mapasom — 2024-12-13

This research aims to develop a model for energy saving management of universities in Thailand in the future. The key informants are 3 experts in electrical energy management, environment and social development who were selected by purposive sampling. They were divided into 2 groups according to the research phases: 1) 24 people for model development phase to provide ideas, principles and guidelines for developing an electrical energy saving model; 2) Model evaluation phase to critique and evaluate the appropriateness of the model developed by the researcher, 11 people, through an expert-based seminar. The research instruments were semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Data were collected and analyzed in 3 phases: Phase 1, data were collected in 3 rounds: 1) semi-structured interviews, data were analyzed by content and frequency analysis; 2) and 3) questionnaires, data were analyzed by median, mode, interquartile range and consistency of experts’ opinions. The results of the research found that experts were most consistent in their opinions that the future model for energy saving management of universities consisted of 5 aspects: 1) general conditions, such as the use of electronic media teaching technology and the use of energy-saving devices; 2) natural resource management; Environment and university development, such as promoting environmentally friendly sources of electricity and joining the network of sustainable universities 3) Implementation of national strategic plans, such as the 20-years plan, energy conservation plan, and carbon dioxide emission reduction plan 4) Energy saving and management, such as using renewable and alternative energy 5) Participatory behavior in saving electricity, such as encouraging personnel at all levels to seriously participate in saving electricity.

APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE AIR DUCT SYSTEM FOR ENERGY SAVING IN AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Pattaramon Tanadecha — 2024-12-13

Nowadays, people have changed their lifestyle behaviors. Most people increasingly prefer to do activities indoors, with using HVAC systems to achieve comfort is important. For large buildings, engineers often design the air-conditioning system with air ductwork to increase the efficiency of air distribution throughout the air-conditioned area. Traditional air ductworks are designed with galvanized steel sheets. But it has an energy loss due to the heat transfer. For this reason, there has been the development of innovative air duct technology called the Pre-insulated duct, which is an outstanding feature of heat insulation. This research analyzed the energy loss in terms of thermal exergy loss. The result shows that the Pre-insulated duct has thermal exergy losses of 0.6 W/m². It can reduce an energy consumption more than the use of the Galvanized steel duct, accounting for 35.29 percent.

A SOLAR ENERGY WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR DRIVING SOIL SALINITY FOR GROWING VEGETABLES

PRASIT PHOOSOMMA — 2024-12-13

This research aims to designed control the water supply system and find the efficiency of the solar water pump. The research methods is designed by using a 1080-Watt, 96-Volt solar panel. The water pump is selected as a 600-Watt deep well pump with a DC voltage of 45-150 Volts. The water pumping system is controlled by using an inverter. The experiment is conducted at a depth of 2 meters. The results show that when there is no load (the deep well pump has not been in water) in sunny weather conditions, the experiment is conducted twice. It takes 1 minute each time. The light intensity is 947 W/m², the motor current is 3.2 Amps, the DC voltage is 92.8 Volts, the power is 757 W, and the speed is 3,200 rpm. The load is tested in sunny weather conditions and the light intensity is 764 W/m², the motor current is 7 Amps, the DC voltage is 81.2 Volts, the power is 640 Watts, and the speed is 2,844 rpm. The water flow rate is 100 liters per minute. The solar water pump has an efficiency of 67.75 percent.