Engineering Journal Chiang Mai University

รายนามผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ

กองบรรณาธิการ — 2022-08-31

รายนามผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิพิจารณาบทความวิชาการประจำปี 2565 (ค.ศ. 2022)

Assessment of Phase of Industry 4.0 Adoption: A Pilot Study in Automotive Industry in Thailand

Waratinad Wichajaroen — 2022-08-31

The fourth industrial revolution, often known as Industry 4.0, integrates many practices of technologies in the digital transformation. Technology adoption in Industry 4.0 enables mass customization as well as self-monitoring for production and expanding information collaboration of machine-to-machine communication (M2M) for the virtualized analysis of new responses and real-time diagnosis of problems. Entering Industry 4.0 has several stages, therefore, determining which certain stage the company is in will affect its preparation in various fields, such as investments in technology and personnel. In addition, the government can also prepare the support for this transformation. Thus, the purpose of this research is to develop a model to classify the phases of Industry 4.0 adoption for companies. The purposed model classifies Industry 4.0 into 5 phases: phase 0 beginner; phase 1 sensor; phase 2 automation; phase 3 integration; and phase 4 intelligence. Twelve aspects are considered: (1) the company’s implementation of the Industry 4.0 strategy (2) the company’s investment in the implementation of Industry 4.0 (3) the company’s information technology (IT) equipment infrastructure through the collecting, storage, and processing of data (4) the company’s operations via IT systems in its supply chain (5) the company’s usage of cloud technology (6) the company’s status of IT security (7) the company’s autonomous processes for production (8) the company’s status of information sharing (9) the company’s products equipped with information communication technology (ICT) components (10) the company’s data-driven services (11) the company’s data analytics services of its products in the usage phase (12) the company’s requirements for workforce qualifications of Industry 4.0. The purposed model was then used to classify 31 companies in the automotive industry in Thailand, which has been dramatically affected by Industry 4.0 adoption, into different phases of Industry 4.0. It was found that most of the sample automotive companies are in phase 2 automation.

An Application of Quality Function Deployment Technique to Improve Business Process After COVID-19: Case Study of Calibration Center for Industry, Faculty of Engineering

Wissarut Kongsagul — 2022-08-31

The objective of this research is to study the change of customer needs of the calibration center for industry, faculty of engineering, Burapha University (CIB) due to the COVID-19 epidemic situation. The research also proposes the improvement for service operations appropriate for the current COVID-19 situation so that CIB can operate its business more efficiently and sustainably. The research began with interviewing 100 customers concerning their needs and impacts of instrument calibration tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data from the interviews were collected and grouped into 20 primary needs and used as closed-ended questionnaires to explore the importance of the service quality issues. The sample group used in the survey consisted of 380 employees working in industries in the Eastern Region (EEC). Surveyed data were analyzed with the I-S model and the SERVQUAL model to select the quality issues that were critical to service delivery. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) technique was then applied to convey the service quality attributed to the service specifications. Results of the research indicated that the top 5 significant service specifications in the situation of the COVID-19 epidemic are 1) the laboratory must be accredited to ISO/IEC17025: 2017, 2) calibration period must not exceed 5 days, 3) calibration fee is reasonable and not expensive. 4) laboratory must have clear measures to prevent the spread of virus Covid-19, and 5) there are more than 3 convenient and diverse communication channels to the CIB. After that, CIB applied the OKR's technique to improve the services based on these top 5 service specifications. The results from implementing the new service operations showed that the overall satisfaction of the customers increased from 4.10 to 4.75. For this reason, CIB has included guidelines for service during the epidemic of Covid-19 into the implementation plan according to the document quality system ISO/IEC17025 : 2017 to create effective service standards that can increase customer satisfaction.

Effect of Ozone Exposure on Ethylene Biosynthesis Inhibition and Physical Properties in ‘Hom Thong’ Banana

Sitvilay Sthixaiyalathout — 2022-08-31

The objective of the research was to study the shelf-life of Hom thong banana with gaseous ozone on different concentrations to ethylene biosynthesis inhibition. The study was divided into 4 parts, namely, the study of ethylene production and respiration rate behavior of Hom thong banana, the study of gaseous ozone concentration on closed container, the study of reaction ratio between gaseous ozone to ethylene and the study of the appropriate gaseous ozone concentration for extending the shelf-life of Hom thong banana. The parameter was divided into 5 treatments as follows: control, ozone to ethylene ratio 2:1, 4:1, 6:1 and 12:1. The results showed that the Hom thong banana produce the highest ethylene production on the days 6 of the experiment is 5.58 μl/kg-hr. In addition, respiration rate using the carbon dioxide production of the Hom thong Banana was found on days 4 with 20.38 mg/kg-hr. The study of gaseous ozone concentration the deterioration time inside the closed container can be applied to control the fumigation process. The results showed that optimum gaseous ozone concentration for extending the shelf-life of Hom thong banana with the ratio of gaseous ozone to ethylene of 6:1 was the optimum ratio which can extend the Hom thong banana shelf-life for a longer time of 4 days. While maintaining the quality according to the specified standards. Compared to the quality of the Hom thong banana from the local market.

IOT Prototype for Post-Test’s Satisfaction of Students’ Kindergarten.

Suratep Pangerd — 2022-08-31

IOT Prototype for Post-Test Satisfaction of Students' Kindergarten aimed to develop the prototype for testing satisfaction assessment after class and to store these satisfaction of kindergarten students. This prototype was built from radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and push button switch connected to microcontrollers (NodeMCU)which can sent data to the server's database system and illustrate the summary report on the website. The research result has showed that the IOT Prototype for Post-Test Satisfaction of Students' Kindergarten worked effectively and the satisfaction from sample group is very satisfied. (= 4.59, S.D.= 0.29).

Comparative Studies of Robust State Estimation Methods for Electrical Power System

Khomkit Meksagul — 2022-08-31

This paper presents the comparative studies of six robust state estimation methods, i.e., least absolute value method, quadratic-constant method, quadratic-linear method, square root method, Schweppe-Huber generalized M method, and maximum exponential square method for power system state estimations. The IEEE 14-bus and 57-bus systems are used to test the performances of the robust estimation methods. The measurement datasets consist of voltage magnitude, power flow, and power injection. In addition, the influence of the constant parameters of objective functions of some robust state estimations is studied. Comparison results in terms of solution convergence, computation time, and estimation accuracy are presented.

Estimation and Reduction Development of Microplastic Contaminated in Ice Produced from Chaiyaphum’s Water Resources

Surawut Sudha — 2022-08-31

The objective of this research is to find microplastics contaminated in ice products for consumption. A case study was ice-produced in Muang Chaiyaphum district. There are 5 manufacturers in total. The samples are divided into 3 groups: group 1 water samples from raw water used for ice production, group 2 ice samples produced directly from operators, and group 3 ice samples that are distributed by random. The researcher collected the samples from December 2021 to April 2022 and brought them into the analytical process by selecting methods and standards according to the methods of Masura, Baker, Foster, Arthur, & Herring (2015) [14] that constructed as a specialized manual for NOAA. And the methods developed by Kanokwan Netsingsaeng (Naresuan University, 2020) [1]. To analysis categories were quantity, color, morphology and size of microplastics compared to 1 liter of water sample. The results showed that the average amount of microplastics in group 1 was 224 pieces, group 2 was 28 pieces, group 3 was 323 pieces. Microplastics color was found in Group 1 were 232 black, and 33 russet, in group 2 were 23 black and 5 russet, and group 3 were 310 black and 14 mean russet. Microplastic morphology was found that Group 1 were 201 fragments, 19 fibers and 4 films, Group 2 were 27 fragments, 1 fiber and 1 film, Group 3 were 306 fragments, 11 fibers and 7 films. The size of most microplastics is smaller than 1,000 micrometers, with only 0.005% found larger. The conclusion is the amount of microplastics in ice found 28 pcs/L was less contaminated compared to the Niall McCarthy (2018) average of 325 pcs/L [11]. The highest levels of microplastics were the Group 3 which is beyond this research and needs to study the factors affecting in the future. Innovative developments to reduce the amount of ice packaging materials can be changed from plastic sacks to waterproof fabrics. But still not worth the cost at present. and further study of the factors that affect it in the future.

The Influence of Thailand’s Weather Condition on The Operation of Operating Room Air Conditioning Systems

Natthanan Pitiphatthanan — 2022-08-31

Operating room is a very important room to maintain patient life. The air conditioning system is the main variable that controls temperature, pressure, and relative humidity. If there is a problem with the air conditioning system in the operating room, it may be one of the reasons that the patient has an infection from surgery. Although the percentage may not be very high. but when it happened may cause surgery to fail dismembered patient or die. It may also affect the safety of life of patients, doctors and staff working in the operating room.

In this research, the effects of changes in ambient conditions on the operating conditions of air conditioning systems are studied. Cooling load types were compared in terms of latent heat and sensible heat. The analysis revealed that the Ventilation cooling load was the highest, accounting for 53% of the total cooling load. Conduction in building and Heat load from equipment were the second and third highest cooling load value respectively. The effect of OA results in mixed air (MA) changes in the 68.00 - 69.44 deg F (average value is 68.63 deg F) and results in humidity ratio (W) changes in the 56.28 - 62.08 gr.w/lb.da F (average value is 60.28 %RH). The effect of OA results in supply air (SA) changes in the range of 46.83 – 49.74 deg F (average value is 48.47 deg F) and results in RH changes in the range of 80.67 – 89.98 gr.w/lb.da (average value is 84.65 %RH). From the simulation results all year round for the weather conditions in Thailand, the cooling coil system of the operating room air conditioner must be able to operate under the difference in air humidity across the cooling coil 14.73 – 23.03 gr.w/lb.da. The cooling coil system and the fan system must be able to operate with a coil sensible heat gain ration (Coil SHR) in the range of 0.59 - 0.67 to be able to control the temperature and humidity in the operating room.

Evaluation of Grid Precipitation data Products for Hydrological Application over Upper Northern Part of Thailand

Terdtas Phurithammawiwat — 2022-08-31

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the datasets between 7 global gridded precipitation products including rainfall product GPCC - First Guess Monthly, PERSIANN - CCS, PERSIANN - CDR, GSMaP - MVK, GPM - 3IMERGM v06, TRMM - 3B43 and TRMM - 3B42 with the 90 rain gauged stations of the Royal Irrigation Department and the Meteorological Department in the upper northern region of Thailand in 2014 – 2020, as a point comparison. The statistical values such as correlation coefficient (R), mean error (ME), relative bias (RB), and square root mean squared error (RMSE) were analyzed. According to the investigation and analysis, there were differences in the amount of rainfall of each product, In statistical analysis, the R value is between 0.68 - 0.86, indicated that the gridded precipitation data of all products has a direct correlation with the station data, ME and RB values were between -12.31 - 17.19 mm and -10.2 - 24.46 %, while the RMSE values were between 54.73 - 69.53 mm. When analyzing the correlation between the statistical values and the digital elevation values (ASTER DEM) of the rain gauged stations, it was found that the grid products were estimated to increase the inaccurate rainfall with the elevation value.

Analysis of safe working model for maintenance operator in battery recycling industry

Praparat Dangsuwan — 2022-08-31

Maintenance operators in the battery manufacturing and battery recycling industries are at an increased risk of lead poisoning which also contaminates the atmosphere and workspace. The objective of this research is to analyze the working patterns of safety of maintenance operators. Conducting research starts from 1) Measurement of the operating environment Observing the behavior Observing work behavior and lead exposure channels. 2) Hazard risk assessment using FMEA as a risk assessment guideline to analyze safe working patterns. The results showed that the channels of exposure to the body are 1) the respiratory system through inhalation of fumes, dust, vapors, 2) skin contact from liquids contaminated with lead, and 3) the gastrointestinal tract from lead-contaminated hands and bodies. Factors affecting lead exposure according to chance of exposure are as follows: 1) lead dust dispersion 2) heat sources causing lead vapor, 3) wet area from lead contaminated liquid, 4) work behavior, 5) working period, and 6) meal breaks. Preventive measures include 1) installation of equipment to prevent the spread of lead dust, 2) creation of a heat shield from lead vapor, 3) using accessories to facilitate the work of maintenance operators, 4) scheduling work efficiently to reduce working time exposed to heat, and 5) wearing protective clothing. Surveillance measures are divided into threat surveillance measures and health surveillance measures. After taking measurements for a period of ten months, it was found that lead in the maintenance operator’s blood was reduced from 461.70 µg/L (46.17 µg/dL) to 157.40 µg/L (15.74 µg/dL), which is within the normal range.